Vedic Mathematics and Hindu culture are intertwined to an extant that separating the two would be tantamount to a sacrilege. The birth of Vedic Mathematics is lost in the womb of time. They are based upon the ancient Vedic literature or the Vedas. The exact date when the Vedas were written is not clear. Different dates are given by different authorities.
The revival of Vedic Mathematics is no less than a miracle. Extracting the theorems and corollaries from Vedic texts requires not only an understanding of the vedic scriptures but also a genuinely intelligent mind.
Jagadguru Swami Bharti Krisna Tirthahji Maharaj, Shankracharya of Sharda Peeth and Goverdham Math discovered 16 Vedic Sutras and 13 Upsutras in the Parishistha of Atharvved. This he achieved through rigorous tapas and transcendental meditation.
Through sheer intuition and scholarly pursuit he was able to decode them and get wide ranging mathematical principles and applications from them. He found that these Sutras covered all aspects of modern mathematics. He wrote extensively on the subject, but unfortunately he later discovered that none of his works had been preserved.
In his old age with his failing health and eyesight, he wrote from his memory an introductory account of the subject. He attained Mahasmadhi in 1960.
The latest research in Vedic mathematics suggests that there are sixteen Sutras which have been expanded upon by an additional thirteen sub-Sutras or corollaries. A brief discussion on each of these is in order.
Vedic Math Sutras
The 16 Vedic Math Sutras
1. “Ekadhikena Purvena” – “By one more than the previous one”
2. Nikhilam Navatascaramam Dasatah “All from 9 and the last from 10?
3. The Urdhva Tiryaghyam Sutra “Vertically and crosswise (multiplications)”
4. Paravartya Yojayet “Transpose and apply”
5. Sunyam Samyasamuccaye “If the Samuccaya is the same (on both sides of the equation, then) that Samuccaya is (equal to) zero”
6. (Anurupye ) Sunyamanyat ( If one is in ratio the other one is zero)
7. Sankalana-vyavakalanabhyam
8. Puranapuranabhyam
9. Calana-kalanabhyam
10. Yavadunam
11. Vyastisamastih
12. Sesanyankena Caramena
13. Sopantyadvayamantyam
14. Ekanyunena Purvena
15. Gunitasamuccayah
16. Gunakasamuccayah
Vedic Math Subsutras or Corollaries
1. Anurupyena
2. Sisyate Sesasamjnah
3. Adyamadyenantyamantyena
4. Kevalaih Saptakam Gunyat
5. Vestanam
6. Yavadunam Tavadunam
7. Yavadunam Tavadunikrtya Varganca yojayet
8. Antyayor-Dasake’pi
9. Antyayoreva
10. Samucccayagunitah
11. Lopanasthapanabhyam
